TY - JOUR ID - 71782 TI - The Sanctions and Geographical Shift in Trading Partners: Evidence from Iran and Russia through a Gravity Model JO - Iranian Economic Review JA - IER LA - en SN - 1026-6542 AU - Rasoulinezhad, Ehsan AD - Faculty of World Studies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Y1 - 2019 PY - 2019 VL - 23 IS - 3 SP - 593 EP - 610 KW - Keywords: Sanctions KW - Trade Policy KW - Gravity Model. JEL Classification: C33 KW - F10 DO - 10.22059/ier.2019.71782 N2 - T his paper is an attempt investigating the relationship between sanctions implications and geographical shift in trading partners. To this end, we analyze separately foreign trade patterns of two countries namely Iran and Russia - which are under imposed sanctions experience - with two United Nations Regional Groups (The Asia-Pacific and the Western European groups)  using a gravity model. The gravity models are estimated over two different time periods: (i) 2006-2015 for Iran and (ii) 2008-2016 for Russia. The main results provide evidence supporting the Asianization and de-Europeanization of Iran and Russia under sanctions which proves the hypothesis of a geographical shift in trading partners under imposing sanctions. However, sanctions have stronger impacts on modifications of Iran’s foreign trade rather than Russian shift in trading partners.   UR - https://ier.ut.ac.ir/article_71782.html L1 - https://ier.ut.ac.ir/article_71782_16b8d54c78c2bf27c68f1ce8aeb56df1.pdf ER -