University of Tehran Iranian Economic Review 1026-6542 20 2 2016 04 01 Aggregate and Disaggregate Energy Consumption Relation with GDP: Evidence for Iran 163 174 58795 10.22059/ier.2016.58795 EN Eisa Maboudian Department of Economics, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Iran 0000-0002-5678-3994 Khashayar Seyyed-Shokri Department of Economics, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Iran. Journal Article 2016 04 05 <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Abstract</span></strong> I n this paper we investigated total energy consumption and its individual forms (oil, natural gas, electricity, renewable energies and coal) relationship with real gross domestic product (GDP) in Iran. We employed Hsiao’s (1981) methodology and annual data which cover 1967-2010 for investigation. The empirical findings indicate there is bidirectional causality effect with real GDP and total energy consumption as well as its three individual forms including, oil, natural gas and electricity. Therefore we can accept feedback hypothesis about total energy consumption-GDP linkage. There is not any causality effect with other individual forms of energy such as renewable energies and coal with GDP. These results are not too surprising for Iran, because share of oil, natural gas and electricity is higher than other forms of energy. <strong> </strong> https://ier.ut.ac.ir/article_58795_c12a34983b37ecfd4778ebb5bd7809b4.pdf