Patterns and Trends in Sovereign Wealth Fund Investments: A Post-Crisis Descriptive Analysis

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

University of Tehran Faculty of Economics

Abstract

A





nalyzing more than 9,400 investment transactions performed by 32 sovereign wealth funds (SWFs), from 23 countries, and targeted towards 77 countries, between 2010 and 2013, this study highlights some of the most important visible patterns and nuances in SWF investments. First, lion’s share of SWF investments are cross-border transactions that originated from and targeted towards high-income economies, while SWFs from emerging economies (mainly China) are also becoming important players in the global capital markets. Second, the most popular sectors are the financial and the real estate sectors mainly because of their more liquid nature and the energy sector for its strategic importance. Finally, domestic investments are relatively more popular among non-commodity based SWFs in comparison to commodity based SWFs. The results also show that while infrastructure investments are in line with the time horizon of SWF investments and their objectives, only five percent of SWF investments were targeted toward the infrastructure sector.
 

Keywords


Anderloni, L., & Vandone, D. (2012). Sovereign Wealth Fund Investments in the Banking Industry. Working Paper, 2012-24, Retrieved from http://wp.demm.unimi.it/files/wp/2012/DEMM-2012_024wp.pdf.
Atkinson, A., & Stiglitz, J. (1980). Lectures on Public Economics. London: McGraw Hill.
Barbary, V., Bortolotti, B., Veljko, F., & Miracky, W. (2010). Sovereign Wealth Fund Investment Behavior. Semi-Annual Report, Retrieved from
http://www.feem.it/userfiles/attach/2010102015964Monitor-FEEM_SWF_ReportH1-2010.pdf.
Beck, R., & Fidora, M. (2008). The Impact of Sovereign Wealth Funds on Global Financial Markets. Intereconomics, 43(6), 349-358.
Bernstein, S., Josh, L., & Schoar, A. (2013). The Investment Strategies of Sovereign Wealth Funds. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 27(2), 219-238.
Borst, N. (2015). The Rise of Asian Sovereign Wealth Funds. Retrieved from
http://www.frbsf.org/banking/files/FRBSF-Asia-Focus-Rise-of-Asian-Sovereign-Wealth-Funds-March-2015.pdf.
Bortolotti, B., Fotak, V., & Megginson, W. (2009). Sovereign Wealth Funds Investment Patterns and Performance. Retrieved from
http://admin.darden.virginia.edu/emUpload/uploaded2009/SWF-invest-patterns-perform-nov288.pdf.
Brav, A., Jiang, W., Partnoy, F., & Thomas, R. (2008). Hedge Fund Activism, Corporate Governance, and Firm Performance. Journal of Finance, 63(4), 1729-1775.
Cooper, M. (2011). Excessive Speculation and Oil Price Shock Recessions: A Case of Wall Street Déjà vu All Over Again. Retrieved from
http://www.consumerfed.org/pdfs/SpeculationReportOctober13.pdf.
Dobbs, R., Pohl, H., Yi Li, D., Mischke, J., Garemo, N., Hexter, J., Matzinger, S., Palter, R., & Nanavatty, R. (2013). Infrastructure Productivity: How to Save $1 Trillion a Year. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/rGx9Dw.
Ferreira, M., & Matos, P. (2008). The Colors of Investors’ Money: The Role of Institutional Investors around the World? Journal of Financial Economics, 88(3), 499-533.
Ferreira, M., Massa, M., & Matos, P. (2010). Shareholders at the Gate? Institutional Investors and the Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions. Review of Financial Studies, 23(2), 601-644.
French, H. (2014). China's Second Continent: How a Million Migrants Are Building a New Empire in Africa. New York: Knopf Publishing.
FS, UNEP, & BNEF. (2015). Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment. Retrieved from
Gelb, A., Tordo, S., Halland, H., Arfaa, N., & Smith, G. (2014). Sovereign Wealth Funds and Long-Term Development Finance. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 6776, Retrieved from
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/788391468155724377/pdf/WPS6776.pdf.
Gowen, B. (2015). Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) Are Poised to Change the Business of Asset Management. Retrieved from https://annual.cfainstitute.org/2015/05/02/sovereign-wealth-funds-swfs-are-poised-to-change-the-business-of-asset-management/.
IMF. (2007). Global Financial Stability Report. Retrieved from
https://www.imf.org/External/Pubs/FT/GFSR/2007/02/pdf/chap1.pdf.
IMF. (2015). Global Financial Stability Report. Retrieved from
https://www.imf.org/External/Pubs/FT/GFSR/2015/01/pdf/text.pdf.
IRENA. (2012). Financial Mechanisms and Investment Frameworks for Renewables in Developing Countries. Retrieved from
http://irena.org/Finance_RE_Developing_Countries.pdf.
Jory, S., Perry, M., & Hemphill, T. (2010). The Role of Sovereign Wealth Funds in Global Financial Intermediation. Thunderbird Int'l Bus Rev, 52, 589-604.
Kaminker, C., & Stewart, F. (2012). The Role of Institutional Investor in Financing Clean Energy. OECD Working Papers on Finance, Insurance, and Private Pensions, 23, Retrieved from
http://www.oecd.org/environment/WP_23_TheRoleOfInstitutionalInvestorsInFinancingCleanEnergy.pdf.
Klein, A., & Zur, E. (2009). Entrepreneurial Shareholder Activism: Hedge Funds and Other Private Investors. Journal of Finance, 64(1), 182-229.
Kunzel, P., Lu, Y., Petrova, I., & Pihlman, J. (2011). Investment Objectives of Sovereign Wealth Funds: A Shifting Paradigm. IMF Working Paper, WP/11/19, Retrieved from
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.190.5115&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
Lipsky, J. (2010). Economics of Sovereign Wealth Funds: Issue for Policy Makers. Washington, DC: IMF.
McKinsey & Company. (2016). Social Infrastructure. Retrieved from
http://www.mckinsey.com/industries/capital-projects-and-infrastructure/how-we-help-clients/social-infrastructure.
 
Meggison, W., You, M., & Han, L. (2013). Determinant of Sovereign Wealth Fund Cross-Border Investment. The Financial Review, 48, 539-572.
Otero, A.B., Watson, J., Felli, F., Wright, S., Wood, D., & Scione, L. (2014). The Unexplored Business within Social Infrastructure. Briefing Paper, 1, Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Fausto_Felli/publication/265057939_BRIEFING_PAPER_1_The_unexplored_business_within_social_infrastructure/links/53fdaf510cf2364ccc08ece9.pdf.
Rossi, S., & Volpin, P. (2004). Cross-country Determinants of Mergers and Acquisitions. Journal of Financial Economics, 74(2), 277-304.
Sabol, P., & Puentes, R. (2014). Private Capital, Public Good: Drivers of Successful Infrastructure Public-Private Partnerships. Washington, DC: a Report by Brookings Institution, Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/BMPP_PrivateCapitalPublicGood.pdf.
Schubert, W. (2011). Sovereign Wealth Funds and Dedicated Infrastructure Investment. Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 12(6), 32-39.
Stiglitz, J. (1993). The Role of the State in Financial Markets. In Proceedings of the World Bank Annual Conference on Economic Development, Washington (19-56), Retrieved from
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/239281468741290885/pdf/multi-page.pdf.
Triki, T., & Faye, I. (2011). Africa’s Quest for Development: Can Sovereign Wealth Funds Help? African Development Bank Group. Working Paper, 142, Retrieved from
https://goo.gl/1719y6.
Truman, E. (2008). A Blueprint for Sovereign Wealth Fund Best Practices (Policy Brief PB08-3). Retrieved from
https://piie.com/publications/pb/pb08-3.pdf.
World Bank. (2013). Fact Sheet: Infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa. Retrieved from
http://go.worldbank.org/SWDECPM5S0.